This activity can be altered for any age and any level of interest/effort.
You'll need:
Apple(s)
Knife optional
Paper and coloring medium optional
Light Table or Microscope optional
Dissecting
Figure out what level of effort and interest your children are on. For smaller children, taking bites and looking at what's inside could be plenty enough (many consider apples a choking hazard before children have enough teeth, so keep that in mind).
To add more, cut the apple in half to show the insides. You can take out the seeds to examine. For a light table or microscope, cut the apple into thin slices to observe better.
Potentially you can have the children dissect, especially if you have already cut it in half. A play dough knife can cut through the apple insides, but I wouldn't give a sharp knife unless you are really helping and really know your child is on that level. There are pedagogy's that support knifes and preschool-kindergarten aged children. I'm not advising random people I don't know on the internet to do so though. Ya know, liability and all. Needless bloodshed. That whole deal.
Before and after doing this, you can have your children imagine what an apple will look like before cutting open, through drawing or just discussing. You can also have them draw what it looks like afterwards, if they are old enough.
Decomposing
If you have a compost bin, put the apple out there and come back to observe. If you don't have one, you can leave it outside during the day to observe, but I'd recommend covering it somehow at night or you might find it gone by morning. This is a cool and super easy way to observe the natural world and learn a lot!
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